From Ozempic to Mounjaro: How GLP-1 Peptides Conquered Medicine

GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1) is an incretin hormone naturally secreted by the intestine. Its discovery paved the way for one of the major therapeutic revolutions of the 21st century.

Semaglutide, marketed under the names Ozempic and Wegovy by Novo Nordisk, generated over $20 billion in revenue in 2024. This analog peptide resists enzymatic degradation and has an extended half-life allowing weekly injection.

Eli Lilly's tirzepatide (Mounjaro, Zepbound) goes even further. This dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist showed average weight losses of 20-25% in SURMOUNT clinical trials, surpassing semaglutide results.

These clinical successes validate the peptide approach and stimulate research. Dozens of new analogs are in development, targeting not only obesity and diabetes, but also cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.

For researchers, GLP-1 agonists demonstrate that a well-designed peptide can become a pharmaceutical blockbuster.